Value of the painting is like drawing in graphite, although the process is different than with a brush, you must think in terms of areas instead of lines. Shade the shadows, observing the shape and value, the shadow carefully on the edge of the adjacent areas of light. The incredible realism that we see in some pictures of this approach to a very high degree of detail, where the tonal values are closely monitored and finely drawn.
In the example shown here, a detail from a study of still life, a glass of wine offers interesting reflections and highlights. Sometimes it may seem weird, drawing strange shapes on the smooth surface, or the amount of light when you know that wine is dark, or leaving the board to disappear into the background when you want to draw a line, but if you do trust your eyes and try to capture what you see, drawing a realistic look.
Tools for the job:
A pencil H must be as hard as you need for lighter shades, a HB will give you a good half, with B and 2B for the darker shade. For very dark areas of 4 or B 6 may be required.
With the pencil:
Keep your pencils sharpened, and to apply tone in small circular motions on the fast side of the hand. Randomly varying the point of start / stop shading prevent unwanted streaks across a shaded area. Use a pencil and a bit 'more difficult to trace on a surface made with a grease pencil, right on the pitch and fill the tooth of the paper. This also reduces the contrast of texture between the different types of pencil. A tire can be used to increase the points. I recommend that you avoid mixing or smearing beginners at first, but rather learn to make the most of the pencil mark. Once you are confident with your shadow, you might try using a paper log to mix tones. Be sure to use a full range of tone - many beginners are afraid of the shadows, or jump from light to dark, but lost the in-between stages.
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